The following problems in the space provided Essay Example for Free

The following problems in the space provided Essay Answer the following questions and solve the following problems in the space provided. When you are done, save the file in the format flastname_Week_1_Problem_Set.docx, where flastname is your first initial and you last name, and submit it to the appropriate dropbox. Chapter 1 (page 19) 1. What is the most important difference between a corporation and all other organizational forms? Corporations has unlimited life time and limited liabilities and also has real entity and legal entity, because any stakeholder can sue against the corporation. Financing is very easy for investment in corporation. On the other hand, all other organizations have limited life span since it is directly owned by one person or partners and also have unlimited liabilities. Investment is very difficult since self-finance. 2. What does the phrase limited liability mean in a corporate context? Stakeholders liability is limited to the amount they invested in the corporations. Stockholders are not responsible for any encumbrances of the company specifically; they cannot be required to pay back any debts incurred by the firm. Therefore, anything that diminishes a property’s worth or makes it less useful or enjoyable; is not responsible by the owners in corporate context. 3. Which organizational forms give their owners limited liability? Corporations 4. What are the main advantages and disadvantages of organizing a firm as a corporation? Corporations are probably the dominant form of business organization in the United States. A corporation is a legal entity doing business, and is distinct from the individuals within the entity. Public corporations are owned by shareholders who elect a board of directors to oversee primary responsibilities. Along with standard, for-profit corporations, there are charitable, not-for-profit corporations. Advantages Unlimited commercial life. The corporation is an entity of its own and does not dissolve when ownership changes. Greater flexibility in raising capital through the sale of stock. Ease of transferring ownership by selling stock. Limited liability. This limited liability is probably the biggest advantage to organizing as a corporation. Individual owners in corporations have limits on their personal liability. Even if a corporation is sued for billions of dollars, individual shareholders liability is generally limited to the value of their own stock in the corporation. Disadvantages Regulatory restrictions. Corporations are typically more closely monitored by governmental agencies, including federal, state, and local. Complying with regulations can be costly. Higher organizational and operational costs. Corporations have to file articles of incorporation with the appropriate state authorities. These legal and clerical expenses, along with other recurring operational expenses, can contribute to budgetary challenges. Double taxation. The possibility of double taxation arises when companies declare and pay taxes on the net income of the corporation, which they pay through their corporate income tax returns. If the corporation also pays out dividends to individual shareholders, those shareholders must declare that dividend income as personal income and pay taxes at the individual income tax rates. Thus, the possibility of double taxation. 5. Explain the difference between an S corporation and a C corporation. The S corporation has the unique feature of passing its income through to its owners, so that the entity itself does not pay income taxes. The owners report the income on their tax returns, thereby avoiding the double taxation that arises in a regular C corporation, where the business is taxed on its income, and then the investors are taxed on the dividends they receive from the corporation. In addition, every shareholder of â€Å"S† corporation must be a United States resident or citizen. A C corporation or a partnership cannot be a shareholder, though estates and certain trusts and charities can be investors. In â€Å"S† corporation there can only be a single class of stock, which prevents preferential payments and voting privileges. Also there are  limited shareholders in S corporations which is not more than 75 but in C corporations there are unlimited shareholders.

Age Of Reason :: essays research papers

The Eighteenth Century in America was period of time labeled by the works of enlightened writers, thinkers, and scientists. Focus on reason over faith by many during the Age of Reason was spurred by the work of Sir Issac Newton and Galileo, scientists of the seventeenth century. In America, politics dominated the writings because of the Revolution: â€Å"By the time of the War of Independence, nearly fifty newspapers had been established in coastal cities†(95). Due to the enormous amount of political writing, many influential names, such as James Otis, the French writer Voltaire, and the French philosopher Jean Jacques Rousseau emerged and their explosive works reflected the rationalism of the period. James Otis defended colonist rights during the time of taxation proclaiming: â€Å"Taxation without representation is tyranny†(96), causing many Americans to rally to his cause. As a result, many thinkers, like Thomas Paine and Patrick Henry, of the Age of Reason issued pleas for independence, raised various ideas, and contributed greatly which led to the birth of the United States. Known as the greatest propagandist of the American Revolution, Thomas Paine was a powerful spellbinder who also stood for independence and like Otis, Paine sought to arouse men’s emotions and in January of 1776, he published his pamphlet Common Sense which immediately sold 100,000 copies. Due to its electrifying message, George Washington praised its â€Å"Sound doctrine and unanswerable reasoning†(96). When writing Common Sense, Paine bases his works on sound doctrine, reasons, and openness and observed, â€Å"†¦ I offer nothing more than simple facts, plain arguments, and common sense; and have no other preliminaries to settle with the reader than that he will divest himself of prejudice†¦Ã¢â‚¬ (handout). Although in America only a few years, Paine persuaded great numbers of men by letting them know the time had come for separation from Great Britain. To rally the faltering he wrote: "Freedom has been hunted around the globe. Asia and Africa have expe lled her...and England has given her warning to depart. O, receive the fugitive and prepare in time an asylum for mankind!"(Compton’s Encyclopedia Online 1). Colonists up and down the seaboard read this stirring call to action and George Washington himself said it turned doubt into decision for independence. Patrick Henry was another fearless, eloquent spellbinder who became the spokesman of the southern colonies during the stirring period that led to the Revolution. His words, which expressed the feelings and hopes of the patriots, helped inspire them to make their dreams a reality.

The Chrysalids Essay (How Characters React in Desperate Moments)

Characters Reactions in Moments of Desperation in The Chrysalids People react differently in moments of desperation. There are generally many different kinds of reactions towards moments of desperation in the world. Joseph Strorm and David Strorm (his son) had different reactions in moments of desperation. Joseph and his son had opposite reactions in the novel. Joseph Strorm and his son had opposite reactions in the book.Joseph Strorm reacts to deviants very seriously and without sympathy. He is also portrayed to be very religious. David Strorm on the other hand, is the only son of Joseph Strorm. He possesses a telepathic ability which is unacceptable in his community, Waknuk. David’s reactions towards deviations are quite different from his father. He makes certain decisions wisely. He is very considerate unlike his father. Joseph Storm shows no sympathy towards mutants because he believes that they are sent from the devil. In the Chrysalids, how characters react in moments o f desperation reveals insights into their true nature.Joseph Strorm’s reactions in moments of desperation show his true nature in The Chrysalids. Joseph Strorm’s reaction towards David was very extreme because he was associating with a deviation. David befriends Sophie and discovered that she had six toes on each foot. David promised to keep her secret. However, when Sophie and David were fishing, another boy in the district discovered Sophie’s footprint on a rock and reveals it to everyone. Joseph Strorm becomes very angry with David and he interrogates him. â€Å"Who was this child-this blasphemy-you were with yesterday?†Joseph Strorm also beat David because he despises mutants and he believes that a mutant comes from the devil. Joseph Strorm’s reaction towards David, who wished for a third hand, shows the religious views of Joseph. Joseph was mad at his son because David made a sinful statement. â€Å"You –my own son- were calling upon t he Devil to give you another hand!† Joseph Strorm took this statement very seriously which shows how serious deviants are taken. He is a very strict person and uncompassionate to his son. Joseph Strorm was so distraught with his son because of his despitefulness towards mutants. Joseph Strorm’s reaction towards Aunt Harriet was embarrassing.Aunt Harriet was Joseph’s sister-in-law who bore a blasphemed child. She wanted to switch babies with her sister (Mrs. Strorm) to get a certificate for her baby. Although she  didn’t feel the same way whatsoever about her child as Joseph does. â€Å"She is not ashamed.† He uttered a lot of negative and bitter words to her. â€Å"I don’t understand how you dared to come here, to God-fearing house, with such a suggestion. Worse still, you don’t show an atom of shame or remorse.† In conclusion, Joseph Strorm is very religious and he is the only character in the novel that has the greatest disl iking towards mutants, deviations and blasphemies.David Strorm also had some reactions in moments of desperation in The Chrysalids. David Strorm’s reaction towards Aunt Harriet’s death was very frightening. David is very scared because his aunt died as a result of hiding a deviant baby. He is frightened that he might get killed if he is discovered. Therefore, he prays to God to take away his telepathic gift so he could be like every normal person. â€Å"Oh God†¦please, please let me be like the other people, on’t you make it so that I wake up in the morning, I’ll be just like everyone else, please, God please!†David Strorm’s reaction towards Anne’s marriage was shocking. Anne was part of the telepathic group who decided to get married. David was very shocked that Anne was going to marry a norm. â€Å"For one thing, the man was Alan Ervin†¦Ã¢â‚¬  He is also very frightened because she would reveal to her husband, her secret and the group’s secret. Therefore, David meets his uncle and decides to take a grave decision. He decides to kill Anne but his uncle decides to kill Alan so the group might be free.David Strorm’s reaction towards his father and the Inspector interrogating him about Sophie showed David’s loyalty for Sophie. He promised to keep her secret no matter the circumstances. Joseph Strorm shouted at his son because he knows his son was lying. David knows that his father was going to beat him. â€Å"†¦I knew too that with my father’s present mood, it would happen whether I told or not. David was beaten for hiding Sophie. In conclusion, David is a very considerate boy. He had desperate reactions in The Chrysalids, which he had to take certain decisions wisely.ConclusionIn the Chrysalids by John Wyndham, how characters react in moments of desperation reveals insights into their true nature. John Wyndham stated a lot of characters with their reactions in moments of desperation. Joseph Strorm and David Storm are part of the examples of characters in The Chrysalids that had reactions in moments of desperation. These are the two major characters in the book that had many reactions in desperate moments. Generally, everyone in the world have different reactions either good or bad towards moments of desperation. This occurs in John Wyndham’s novel, The Chrysalids.

How to Build a Geodesic Dome Model - Introduction